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A garden trellis is a great way to use vertical space to increase harvests
Vertical gardening not only increases your growing space, but it adds really nice visual architecture to the garden. Our kids love it when we grow pole bean tunnels for them to run through. Using climbing plants is also big element in permaculture design when creating food forests.
There are many climbing plants that benefit from growing upwards:
- Pole beans
- Scarlet Runner Beans
- Peas (sugar snap, shelling & snow peas)
- Vining flowers such as: sweet peas, clematis, certain nasturtiums, morning glory
- Grapes
- Hardy Kiwi berries
- Certain squash varieties like costata romanesco, tromboncino or even little baby pumpkins like jack be little
- Cucumbers
- Tomatoes- you can prune and trellis
- Hops
You need to make sure your garden trellis is strong enough to handle the weight of whatever you’re growing on it.
You don’t want to make these mistakes and have your trellis collapse mid-season! 
Tips for creating a strong garden trellis that doesn’t collapse
- A garden trellis for annuals like peas and beans might be different in strength and structure than perennial climbing plants like grapes.
- For annual climbers, pay attention to the seed packet for climbing plant size. For example some peas reach 4 feet, some as high as 12 feet. Pole beans tend to be heavier and continue to grow.
Build your garden trellis based on how the plants climb
Peas for example have side tendrils that prefer to latch to something, pole beans tend to grow upwards and spiral around something like a pole. Too many pole beans at the base of a pole for example will cause too much competition and weight. Usually 3-4 plants per pole is good.
You need to think long-term when planting a vine like grapes
Although it might take a few years to reach huge sizes, they will need a large and strong trellis to spread. Many people plant grapes on a pergola. You can also prune them the way a vineyards do.
Make the support posts are strong enough to handle the long-term weight
Many garden trellises can handle weight early in the season only to collapse later on.
If you get lots of wind you need to make sure your trellis is extra strong
Often it’s a strong summer storm that will take down weaker wooden trellis structures that were fine before hand. I’ve found some of the strongest trellis has been using metal fence posts dug 2 feet deep and using chicken wire. If you can plan your garden beds against a fence line like deer/elk fence for the strongest support.
Gorgeous scarlet runner bean teepees from Salt Spring Seeds
Be cautious using old or re-purposed support beams
I’ve been a fan of bamboo poles to build a garden trellis teepee for beans, only to have them deteriorate within 3 years and not be strong enough for support anymore. In general, you need a very thick post wall structure trellis. If you’re goal is frugal gardening be careful the materials aren’t too old internally that they’ve started rotting.
Below you can see a collapsed tunnel from using the wrong size of post
Certain vines reach enormous sizes over time.
Below you can see a hops vine that’s causing 8 foot elk fence to be pulled downwards. When planting perennial vines this is especially important. I would definitely consider hops an invasive vine from the 5 years we had growing it!
If you’re creating a teepee as a trellis make sure you have a wide stance
If the posts are too close together and narrow it won’t be enough support and will topple over. 
Here are some vertical gardening ideas for building a trellis
My name is Isis Loran, creator of the Family Food Garden. I’ve been gardening for over 10 years now and push the limits of our zone 5 climates. I love growing heirlooms & experimenting with hundreds of varieties, season extending, crunchy homesteading and permaculture.
Mel Bartholomew in his book “Square Foot Gardening” addresses this problem. His solution after a lot of trial and error and failures like you describe was to use 1/2 ” steel electrical conduit. The frame consists of 2 upright pieces connected by a single cross bar. Lowes will cut the bars to length for you and apply the threads. You need two 90 degree pipe fittings to connect the cross bar to the uprights. You tube will help you do this including measuring the cross piece correctly. I attached the U shaped frame to one end of my wooden raised bed with steel brackets and buried the pipe ends about a foot underground. The trellis itself is made from garden center bought nylon trellis netting large square – he recommends 7 inch squares. It’s pretty darn solid – he says it will support squash. I’m waiting to see! Entire project cost about 150.00 dollars. Intermediate skill level.